Philosophy of Science in Islamic Tradition: Implications for Modern Interdisciplinary Research and Knowledge Production
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70062/harmonyphilosophy.v1i3.326Keywords:
Epistemology Integration, Ethical Frameworks, Interdisciplinary Research, Islamic Philosophy, Scientific PracticesAbstract
This paper explores the contributions of classical Islamic philosophy of science to the modern interdisciplinary research landscape. The study focuses on how key philosophical principles such as the concept of ‘ilm al-tawḥīdī (unity of knowledge) and the integration of ethics and spirituality can enhance contemporary research methodologies. Islamic philosophy advocates for a holistic approach that bridges the gap between empirical science and metaphysical insights, promoting a unified view of knowledge that incorporates not only rational and empirical elements but also ethical and spiritual dimensions. The paper discusses how Islamic ethical frameworks, such as Adab al-‘ilm (ethics of knowledge), can influence modern research by emphasizing responsibility, integrity, and the interconnectedness of all forms of knowledge. Additionally, the study highlights the potential for integrating Islamic epistemology into interdisciplinary research, fostering more inclusive, responsible, and ethically grounded scientific practices. The integration of both Islamic and secular research models is proposed as a way to create a more robust and sustainable research framework that values both scientific rigor and ethical responsibility. The paper also addresses the challenges of reconciling Islamic principles with secular academic frameworks, suggesting future research avenues to develop systematic methodologies that integrate Islamic ethical and epistemological values with modern scientific practices. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the importance of incorporating both spiritual and empirical insights in modern research to address complex global challenges in a more comprehensive and ethically grounded manner.
References
Amin Abdullah, M. (2014). Religion, science and culture: An integrated, interconnected paradigm of science. Al-Jami’ah, 52(1), 175–203. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2014.521.175-203
Choudhury, M. A. (2020). Islamic Economics as Mesoscience: A New Paradigm of Knowledge. In Islamic Economics as Mesoscience: A New Paradigm of Knowledge. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6054-5
Chung, J. Y. (2024). Stakeholder-engaged research: a multidisciplinary historical analysis. Research for All, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.14324/RFA.08.1.06
Elouazzani, L. (2024). Human dignity and the pursuit of knowledge in Islamic thought: Insights from the Quran. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(12). https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i12.9129
Gilani, M. H., Ali, S., & Mohyiddeen, G. (2024). REIMAGINING ISLAMIC DISCOURSE: TOWARDS A GLOBAL ETHICAL FRAMEWORK FOR CONTEMPORARY LEADERSHIP. Al-Shajarah, 2024(Special issue), 103 – 120. https://doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.vi.1931
Hossain, I., & Choudhury, M. A. (2016). Conclusion: The Islamization of Knowledge and its Implication in Islamic Financial Economics. In Islamic Financial Economy and Islamic Banking. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315590011-13
Jackson, R. (2014). What is Islamic philosophy? In What is Islamic Philosophy. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315817552
Kasno, Wibawa, N. H. H. P., & Fata, A. K. (2023). FROM GOD TO HUMANITY: Reconstruction of Islamic Theology in Contemporary Era. Journal of Dharma, 48(4), 429 – 448. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85185665407&partnerID=40&md5=0f9bfdfd8e6e4366790da7c76da052b7
Khan, N. (2023). Shades of Structural Realism in Post-classical Islamic Thought. Theology and Science, 21(3), 376 – 389. https://doi.org/10.1080/14746700.2023.2230427
López-Farjeat, L. X. (2021). Classical islamic philosophy: A thematic introduction. In Classical Islamic Philosophy: A Thematic Introduction. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315389288
López-Tarrida, Á. D. C., de Diego-Cordero, R., & Lima-Rodríguez, J. S. (2021). Spirituality in a doctor’s practice: what are the issues? Journal of Clinical Medicine, 10(23). https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm10235612
Lury, C., Fensham, R., Heller-Nicholas, A., Lammes, S., Last, A., Michael, M., & Uprichard, E. (2018). Routledge Handbook of Interdisciplinary Research Methods. In Routledge Handbook of Interdisciplinary Research Methods. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315714523
MacHer, C., Steins, N. A., Ballesteros, M., Kraan, M., Frangoudes, K., Bailly, D., Bertignac, M., Colloca, F., Fitzpatrick, M., Garcia, D., Little, R., Mardle, S., Murillas, A., Pawlowski, L., Philippe, M., Prellezo, R., Sabatella, E., Thébaud, O., Ulrich, C., & Dankel, D. (2021). Towards transdisciplinary decision-support processes in fisheries: Experiences and recommendations from a multidisciplinary collective of researchers. Aquatic Living Resources, 34. https://doi.org/10.1051/alr/2021010
Miftahudin. (2023). ISLAMIZATION OF SCIENCE OR SCIENTIFICATION OF ISLAM? BRIDGING THE DICHOTOMY OF SCIENCE. European Journal for Philosophy of Religion, 15(1), 105 – 130. https://doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.2023.4113
Mukhlisin, M., Ismail, N., & Jamilah Fikri, R. (2022). Mind the gap: theories in Islamic accounting and finance, Islamic economics and business management studies. ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance, 14(3), 333 – 348. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJIF-11-2019-0175
Muslih, M., Khakim, U., & Sahidin, A. (2024). AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF AL FARUQI’S THEORY OF ISLAMIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE: A PERSPECTIVE FROM THOMAS KUHN’S PARADIGM SHIFT THEORY. Hamdard Islamicus, 47(1), 27 – 49. https://doi.org/10.57144/hi.v47i1.436
Özerol, G., Schillinger, J., & Abu-Madi, M. (2018). Transdisciplinary research and development cooperation: Insights from the first phase of the Palestinian-Dutch Academic Cooperation Programme on Water. Water (Switzerland), 10(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/w10101449
Politi, V. (2019). The interdisciplinarity revolution. Theoria (Spain), 34(2), 237 – 252. https://doi.org/10.1387/theoria.18864
Poole, A. H., & Garwood, D. A. (2018). Interdisciplinary scholarly collaboration in data-intensive, public-funded, international digital humanities project work. Library and Information Science Research, 40(3–4), 184 – 193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lisr.2018.08.003
Proserpio, T., Piccinelli, C., Arice, C., Petrini, M., Mozzanica, M., Veneroni, L., & Clerici, C. A. (2014). Support to spiritual needs in hospital care. Integration perspective in modern hospitals; [Il supporto ai bisogni spirituali nella cura ospedaliera. Prospettive di integrazione nell’ospedale moderno]. Recenti Progressi in Medicina, 105(7–8), 281 – 287. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84904514635&partnerID=40&md5=81ed1ff3bc16af885f1d9b86cfd4abc3
Pruzhinin, B. I. (2024). Interdisciplinarity as a Philosophical-Epistemological Problem in Modern Science. Voprosy Filosofii, 2024(12), 6 – 14. https://doi.org/10.21146/0042-8744-2024-12-6-14
Rassool, G. H. (2023). Integrated Research Methodologies in Islāmic Psychology. In Integrated Research Methodologies in Islāmic Psychology. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003346241
Šadić, R. (2017). The principles of mullā Ṣadra’s epistemology; [Principi Mullā Ṣadrove epistemologije]. Filozofska Istrazivanja, 37(4), 651 – 658. https://doi.org/10.21464/fi37401
Saritoprak, Z. (2017). Islamic Spirituality: Theology and Practice for the Modern World. In Islamic Spirituality: Theology and Practice for the Modern World. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85201869417&partnerID=40&md5=6939e6f578eb4fd2024d7f171ecbe1f2
Saruhan, M. S. (2022). ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY AS A CIVILIZATION of EVIDENCE and CLASH of PROOFS. Hamdard Islamicus, 45(1), 61 – 79. https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85143067232&partnerID=40&md5=018551cba6bb7b919d68d4d44dec2784
Sehaba, B. (2024). The Inductive Method and Its Path within Experimental Studies. Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences, 22(2), 2424 – 2433. https://doi.org/10.57239/PJLSS-2024-22.2.00176
Setia, A. (2017). Three Meanings of Islamic Science: Toward Operationalizing Islamization of Science. In Studies in the Islam and Science Nexus: Volume 1. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315242187-35
Shaleh, M., Tobroni, Mundir, & Umiarso. (2024). Development of a Holistic-integrative Islamic Religious Education Curriculum in an Integrated Islamic School. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 2024(113), 227 – 241. https://doi.org/10.14689/ejer.2024.113.13
Suciati, R., Susilo, H., Gofur, A., Lestari, U., & Rohman, I. (2022). Millennial students’ perception on the integration of Islam and science in Islamic universities. Indonesian Journal of Islam and Muslim Societies, 12(1), 31 – 57. https://doi.org/10.18326/ijims.v12i1.31-57
Syafaq, H., Hilmy, M., Musyafa’ah, N. L., & Alshaykh Ali, M. R. A. (2024). Reconstructing Islamic Epistemology: Bridging Metaphysics, Reason, and Revelation. Teosofi: Jurnal Tasawuf Dan Pemikiran Islam, 14(2), 240 – 269. https://doi.org/10.15642/teosofi.2024.14.2.240-269
Syeed, S. S., & El-Muhammady, A. (2024). RECONCILIATION AND ISLAMISATION - A ROADMAP FOR AN ISLAMIC INTELLECTUAL REVIVAL. Al-Shajarah, 2024(Special issue), 141 – 166. https://doi.org/10.31436/shajarah.vi.1933
Tejada, G., Cracco, M., Bouleau, C. R., Bolay, J.-C., & Hostettler, S. (2019). Testing analytical frameworks in transdisciplinary research for sustainable development. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/su11164343
Toisuta, H., Ernas, S., & Lampong, S. R. D. (2024). Knowledge Integration in Indonesian State Islamic Institutes and Universities: A Review. International Journal of Islamic Thought, 25, 27 – 36. https://doi.org/10.24035/ijit.25.2024.283
Zain, S., Adesta, E. Y. T., Ismail, A. F., & Ahmad, Z. (2017). Sustainable Manufacturing framework from Islamic Perspective. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 184(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/184/1/012054
Zhang, G., Sun, J., & Sun, Y. (2023). Mapping interdisciplinary collaboration in music education: analysis of models in higher education across North America, Europe, Oceania, and Asia. Frontiers in Psychology, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1284193
